The Bachelor of Arts (International and Strategic Studies) at the University of Malaya focuses on international relations, foreign policy, security studies, defence analysis, and strategic studies. Students systematically explore the interactions between state and non-state actors, global and regional issues, and the evolving landscape of international institutions. The curriculum introduces students to core theories in politics and international relations, qualitative and quantitative research, and practical analysis of past and present global events. Learning outcomes emphasize knowledge, practical skills, social responsibility, leadership, teamwork, and problem-solving. Graduates commonly pursue careers in diplomacy, civil service, international organizations, defense, intelligence, and various private sector roles requiring global awareness and strategic thinking. 来源： https://spectrumexam.um.edu.my/course/index.php?categoryid=4