The Bachelor of Science in History and Philosophy of Science (HPS) at Caltech's Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences offers rigorous interdisciplinary training in both the evolution of scientific practices and the philosophical foundations underpinning modern science. Students explore topics such as the origins and development of experimental and theoretical practices; the social and institutional contexts of science; the changing relationship between science, technology, and culture; causation and explanation in the sciences; philosophical issues in biology, mathematics, medicine, neuroscience, and physics; and ethics in scientific practice, such as scientific fraud and human-machine interaction. The program emphasizes research, critical thinking, and eloquent academic communication, culminating in a senior thesis based on independent research. HPS provides excellent preparation for careers in law, medicine, business, science administration, journalism, and public affairs. Students typically begin with introductory courses in the first year and are guided through increasingly advanced elective and required courses, often working closely with faculty mentors. 来源： https://www.hss.caltech.edu/graduate-studies/social-sciences-phd-program